Q. How do I cite Singaporean statutes in the APA citation style?

The APA citation style defers to the Bluebook for legal materials, including statutes.

Rule 20 of the Bluebook states, "Table T2 contains jurisdiction-specific citation examples and is the primary source for the citation of foreign materials. For sources not present in table T2, which is now located online, follow the respective country’s own citation rules for the sources as modified by these general rules." for

As Singapore is not in T2, we would defer to the Singapore Academy of Law's citation style (available here) as modified by the general rules in rule 20 of the Bluebook.

• Rule 20.1: When citing any non-U.S. source, indicate parenthetically the jurisdiction issuing the source, abbreviated according to T10 (the abbreviation for Singapore is Sing.), unless the jurisdiction is otherwise clear from the other elements of the citation. The parenthetical is located at the end of the citation but before any parallel citation, unless otherwise indicated in table T2.
• Rule 20.5.1: For statutes in common law systems, cite like U.S. statutes (rule 12) if the jurisdiction's statutes appear in a codification or other compilation. Otherwise, cite like statutes of the United Kingdom, noting the jurisdiction parenthetically at the end of the citation if not otherwise clear from the context.

The Law Revision Commission and the AGC completed a universal revision of Singapore's Acts of Parliament. The 2020 Revised Edition of Acts has come into force 31st December 2021 and is considered the sole and only proper statute book of Singapore with respect to the Acts contained in it. It is therefore necessary to determine if a statute has been revised as part of that 2020 universal revision – these statutes generally have the title of the statute with the initial year of enactment, e.g. Companies Act 1967.

We set out below examples of (i) citations of statutes prior to the 2020 Revised Edition of Acts; and (ii) Citation of statutes after the introduction of the 2020 Revised Edition of Acts:

(i) Companies Act (Cap 50, 1985 Rev Ed), s 31(1) (Sing.). https://sso.agc.gov.sg/Act/CoA1967/Historical/19870330?DocDate=19870515&ValidDate=19870330

In-text: (Companies Act, 1985)

(ii) Companies Act 1967, 2020 Rev Ed, s31(1) (Sing.). https://sso.agc.gov.sg/act/coa1967?ProvIds=P13-#pr31-

In-text: (Companies Act, 2020)

Note: Rule 12.3.2 of the Bluebook states if the volume is a replacement of an earlier edition, use the year of the replacement volume, not the year of the original.